Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is an important pest insect in agriculture. This species of thrips is native to the Southwestern United States but has spread to other contries, including Europe, Australia, and South America via transport of infested plant material. Thrips are small, slender insects, with four long, narrow wings fringed with hairs. It feeds on a number of plants and occasionally damages tree fruit. Thrips rasp the surface of the fruit as they feed, and their feeding weakens flowers and fruit stems. Females puncture the fruit with their serrated ovipositors to lay eggs in the tissue. Damage does not occur every year and is difficult to predict. Thrips visit many other flowering plants as well as tree fruits, and if those plants are in bloom at the same time the thrips population will be diluted and there will be less chance of fruit damage.
Life stages:
Egg: The egg is cylindrical and slightly kidney shaped. The female makes an incision into the leaf, stem or fruit of plants with her serrated ovipositor and deposits a single egg. The egg is embedded and protected within the plant tissue.
Larva: The young thrip resembles the adult but is smaller. The first two instars are wingless and are called larvae. They feed on nectar, pollen and plant tissue, as do adults. The third instar, called the prepupa, is inactive, does not feed and has wing buds.
Pupa: The pupa, the fourth instar, is also a resting, nonfeeding stage.
Adult: The adult is about 1/25 inch (1 mm) long. It is slender, with four narrow wings fringed with hairs folded flat over the back. It is yellow with dusky markings on the side of the abdomen. The two sexes look similar, but the male is smaller and always light colored. The abdomen of females ranges from pale yellow to dark brown.
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